Dom i mieszkanie – Places Where We Live (A1

Każdy z nas gdzieś mieszka – w domu, w mieszkaniu, w akademiku albo na wsi.
I to właśnie nasz dom jest jednym z pierwszych tematów, o których uczymy się mówić po angielsku.
W tym wpisie nauczysz się:

jak opisać swój dom,
jak nazywać pomieszczenia i meble,
jak mówić o obowiązkach domowych (chores),
i jak używać tego słownictwa w praktycznych zdaniach.

Na końcu znajdziesz też pytania do ćwiczeń — idealne do lekcji lub powtórki w domu.

Types of Homes – Rodzaje domów

People live in different types of homes all over the world.
Let’s look at some examples and learn how to talk about them.

house – dom
“I live in a house with my parents.” – Mieszkam w domu z rodzicami.
flat (UK) / apartment (US, CA) – mieszkanie
“My grandparents live in a flat on the fourth floor.” – Moi dziadkowie mieszkają w mieszkaniu na czwartym piętrze.
semi-detached house (UK) / duplex (US) – bliźniak
“We live in a semi-detached house. Our neighbours live next door.”
terraced house (UK) / row house (US) – dom szeregowy
“There are many terraced houses in London.”
detached house – dom wolnostojący
“It’s a big detached house with a garden and a garage.”
cottage – domek wiejski
“We have a small cottage by the lake. It’s very quiet and cosy.”
bungalow – dom parterowy
“My grandparents live in a bungalow. It has only one floor.”
caravan (UK) / trailer (US) – przyczepa mieszkalna
“They travel around Europe in a caravan.”
houseboat – łódź mieszkalna
“Some people live on a houseboat in Amsterdam.”
block of flats (UK) / apartment building (US) – blok mieszkalny
“I live in a block of flats near the city centre.”
student dormitory (US) / halls of residence (UK) – akademik
“Many students live in dormitories when they go to university.”

Rooms in the House – Pomieszczenia w domu

Let’s walk through a house together and see what’s inside.

Living Room – Salon

The living room is the heart of the home.
We sit there, talk, relax, or watch TV.

“There’s a big sofa (kanapa), an armchair (fotel), and a coffee table (stolik kawowy).”
“We watch TV in the living room.”

Extra words:

curtains (zasłony)
carpet (dywan)
lamp (lampa)
bookshelf (regał na książki)
remote control (pilot)

British English: sofa
American English: couch

Kitchen – Kuchnia

In the kitchen, we cook, eat, and sometimes talk.

“My mum cooks dinner in the kitchen.”
“There’s a fridge (lodówka), an oven (piekarnik), and a sink (zlew).”

Useful vocabulary:

English	Polish
fridge / refrigerator	lodówka
cooker (UK) / stove (US)	kuchenka
oven	piekarnik
sink	zlew
cupboard	szafka
microwave	mikrofalówka
kettle	czajnik
toaster	toster
plates	talerze
cutlery / silverware (US)	sztućce

British people say “do the washing-up” (zmywać naczynia),
while Americans say “do the dishes.”

Dining Room – Jadalnia

A special room for eating meals together.

“We have dinner in the dining room.”
“There’s a big table (stół) and six chairs (krzesła).”

Bedroom – Sypialnia

Where we sleep and rest.

“There’s a bed (łóżko), a wardrobe (UK) or closet (US), and a desk (biurko).”
“I have two pillows (poduszki) and a warm duvet (UK) / comforter (US).”

Bathroom – Łazienka

“In the bathroom, we take a shower (prysznic) or a bath (wanna).”
“There’s a toilet (toaleta) and a mirror (lustro).”

More words:

towel – ręcznik
toothbrush – szczoteczka
soap – mydło
shampoo – szampon

In American English, bathroom or restroom is used in public places instead of toilet.

Other rooms – Inne pomieszczenia

English	Polish
hall / hallway	korytarz
attic / loft	strych
basement / cellar	piwnica
study / home office	gabinet
garage	garaż
laundry room / utility room	pralnia
guest room	pokój gościnny
garden (UK) / yard (US)	ogród
balcony	balkon
terrace / patio	taras

Furniture – Meble

English	Polish
chair	krzesło
table	stół
sofa / couch	kanapa
armchair	fotel
carpet / rug	dywan
wardrobe / closet	szafa
chest of drawers	komoda
shelves	półki
bed	łóżko
lamp	lampa
mirror	lustro
picture	obraz
bin / trash can	kosz na śmieci

Example sentences:
“There’s a lamp on the bedside table.”
“I keep my clothes in the wardrobe.”
“We eat dinner at the dining table.”

Chores – Obowiązki domowe

In English, chores are the small jobs we do at home — cleaning, washing, cooking, etc.

English	Polish
do the washing-up (UK) / do the dishes (US)	zmywać naczynia
tidy up your room	sprzątać pokój
vacuum / hoover	odkurzać
make the bed	ścielić łóżko
take out the rubbish (UK) / trash (US)	wynosić śmieci
do the laundry	robić pranie
iron the clothes	prasować ubrania
water the plants	podlewać rośliny
cook dinner	gotować obiad
dust the furniture	ścierać kurz
feed the cat / dog	karmić kota / psa
clean the windows	myć okna

Examples in context:
“I make my bed every morning.”
“My brother takes out the rubbish after dinner.”
“Mum does the laundry on Saturdays.”
“We vacuum the living room once a week.”

In British English, hoover is often used instead of vacuum.
“I’m hoovering the carpet.”

British – American – Canadian – Australian Differences

British	American	Canadian	Australian	Polish
flat	apartment	apartment	apartment	mieszkanie
garden	yard	yard	backyard	ogród
cooker	stove	stove	stove	kuchenka
wardrobe	closet	closet	wardrobe	szafa
rubbish	trash / garbage	garbage	rubbish	śmieci
bin	trash can	garbage can	rubbish bin	kosz
lift	elevator	elevator	lift	winda
ground floor	first floor	first floor	ground floor	parter
holiday	vacation	vacation	holiday	wakacje

So if you tell an American friend,
“I live on the first floor,”
they’ll imagine you live above the ground floor — not on it.

Talking about your home – Jak mówić o swoim domu

“I live in a small flat in Warsaw. There are three rooms: a kitchen, a bathroom and a bedroom.
My favourite room is the living room because it’s bright and cosy.
I like sitting on the sofa and watching films.
I help my parents with chores – I tidy my room and do the washing-up.”

Now you try.
Describe your home.
Say what rooms you have and what you do at home.
Mention two or three chores you do every week.

Mini Grammar Tip: “There is / There are”

There is – używamy w liczbie pojedynczej:
“There is a bed in my room.”
There are – w liczbie mnogiej:
“There are two windows and a desk.”

Expressions and idioms about home

Expression	Polish meaning
make yourself at home	czuj się jak u siebie
there’s no place like home	nie ma jak w domu
move house	przeprowadzić się
dream home	wymarzony dom
home sweet home	wreszcie w domu
tidy your room	posprzątaj swój pokój
pay the bills	płacić rachunki

Speaking practice – Questions to discuss

Where do you live?
How many rooms are there in your home?
What’s your favourite room and why?
What furniture do you have in your bedroom?
What chores do you do at home?
Do you like doing housework? Why or why not?
What kind of home would you like to live in in the future?

Final Thought

No matter if your home is big or small, in the city or in the countryside – it’s your safe place.
In English we say:
“There’s no place like home.”

Dom po angielsku, house vocabulary, pomieszczenia w domu po angielsku, obowiązki domowe po angielsku, chores English, meble po angielsku, angielski A1 A2, nauka angielskiego dla początkujących, angielski dla ósmoklasisty, English blog Poland

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